This research is based on data gathered in 2020 in the Netherlands.
A controlled field test was conducted in which human drivers interacted with both human-driven vehicles (HDVs) and automated vehicles (AVs). Participants were asked to drive in their own vehicle (because of COVID-19 restrictions). During the field test, the participants interacted with an instrumented test vehicle that could be set up to appear as an AV. The instrumented test vehicle collected data on the driving behavior of the participant during their interactions. The field test was approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee of the Delft University of Technology, the Netherlands.
The field test was conducted on a 3 km long straight road section in Noordzeeweg near the town of Rozenburg in the Netherlands. The test route had one 3.5-m wide lane per direction separated by dashed lane markings (i.e., overtaking was allowed). The traffic intensity of the test